Friday, 28 October 2022

Reduction or Waiver of Interest payable by Assessee under Section 234A, 234B, 234C etc. [Section 119(2)(a)]

Section 119(2)(a) provides relaxation regarding certain provisions in the public interest such as waiver or reduction of interest under 234A, 234B, 234C, 234E, penal consequences etc.

Text of Section 119(2)(a)

(a) the Board may, if it considers it necessary or expedient so to do, for the purpose of proper and efficient management of the work of assessment and collection of revenue, issue, from time to time (whether by way of relaxation of any of the provisions of sections 115P, 115S, 115WD, 115WE, 115WF, 115WG, 115WH, 115WJ, 115WK, 139, 143, 144, 147, 148, 154, 155, 158BFA, sub-section (1A) of section 201, sections 210, 211, 234A, 234B, 234C, 234E, 234F, 270A, 271, 271C, 271CA and 273 or otherwise, general or special orders in respect of any class of incomes or fringe benefits or class of cases, setting forth directions or instructions (not being prejudicial to assessees) as to the guidelines, principles or procedures to be followed by other income-tax authorities in the work relating to assessment or collection of revenue or the initiation of proceedings for the imposition of penalties and any such order may, if the Board is of opinion that it is necessary in the public interest so to do, be published and circulated in the prescribed manner for general information;

 

Who can waive or reduce interest?

The CBDT directed that the Chief Commissioner of Income-tax or Director General of Income-tax may reduce or waive interest charged under Section 234A or Section 234B or Section 234C. However, no reduction or waiver of such interest shall be ordered unless assessee has filed the return of income for the relevant assessment year and has paid the entire income-tax due on the income as assessed. The authorities may also impose any other conditions as deemed fit for the said reduction or waiver of interest.

[A]  When interest can be waived or reduced?

The interest levied under the relevant provisions of the Income-tax Act can be reduced or waived by the tax authorities prescribed above in the circumstances listed below.

(a)  In case of search & seizure

(i)      Interest under Section 234A can be waived or reduced by the tax authorities where books of account and other incriminating documents have been seized and the assessee was unable to furnish the return of income for the previous year, during which the search and seizure has taken place. The waiver or reduction in interest is provided if tax authorities are satisfied that the delay in furnishing such return of income cannot reasonably be attributed to the assessee.

(ii)     Interest under Section 234B or 234C can be waived or reduced if assessee fails to pay the advance tax due to seizure of cash by Income-tax department during the course of search and seizure operation.

(b)  In case income is received or accrued belatedly

Interest under Section 234C can be waived or reduced by the tax authorities where any income (other than 'capital gains') is received or accrued after due date of payment of first or subsequent instalments of advance tax which was neither anticipated nor was in the contemplation of the assessee. Such reduction or waiver of interest is granted provided advance tax on such income is paid in the remaining instalment, and tax authorities are satisfied that this is a fit case for reduction or waiver of the interest.

(c)   In case of subsequent change of law

Interest under Section 234B and Section 234C can be waived or reduced by the tax authorities where any income was not chargeable to tax on basis of any order passed by the jurisdictional High Court, but subsequently due to retrospective amendment of law or decision of Supreme Court or Larger Bench of jurisdictional High Court (which was not challenged before the Supreme Court and has become final), the advance tax paid by the assessee is found to be less than the amount of advance tax payable on his current income. Such waiver or reduction of interest is allowed when tax authorities are satisfied that this is a fit case for reduction or waiver of such interest.

(d)   In case return it is not filed due to unavoidable circumstances

Interest under Section 234A can be waived or reduced by the tax authorities where a return of income could not be filed by the assessee due to unavoidable circumstances and such return of income is filed voluntarily by the assessee or his legal heirs without detection by the Assessing Officer.

 

[B]  Period for which waiver can be allowed

The Chief CIT and Director General has the discretion to waive or reduce interest for such period as he thinks fit. Such waiver or reduction shall be allowed subject to the condition, that the assessee has disclosed the relevant income in the return of income or has otherwise disclosed the same before the Assessing Officer and the tax attributable to said income has been paid. However, in cases where any income accrues or arises for any previous year due to the operation of any order of a Court passed after the close of the said previous year, interest shall be reduced or waived for the period as under:

(a)   In respect of Section 234A interest

Waiver or reduction of interest levied under Section 234A can be allowed from the date immediately following the due date for furnishing of return till the end of the month in which the relevant order giving rise to the relevant income is passed.

(b)   In respect of Section 234B interest

Waiver or reduction of interest levied under Section 234B can be allowed from April 1 of the relevant assessment year till the end of month in which the relevant order giving rise to the relevant income is passed.

(c)     In respect of Section 234C interest

Waiver or reduction of interest levied under Section 234C can be allowed for the period as mentioned in relevant section.

[C]  Quantum of interest to be waived

        The quantum of interest to be reduced or waived shall be difference between:

(i)       Interest computed for the period as referred to above with reference to tax on the total income inclusive of the relevant income; and

(ii)     Interest computed for the same period with reference to the tax on the total income as reduced by the relevant income.

 

CBDT Order F. No. 400/129/2002-IT(B)], Dated 26.06.2006

In exercise of the powers conferred under clause (a) of sub-section (2) of section 119 of Income-tax Act, 1961, Central Board of Direct Taxes, hereby directs that the Chief Commissioner of Income-tax and Director General of Income-tax may reduce or waive interest charged under section 234A or section 234B or section 234C of the Act in the classes of cases or classes of income specified in paragraph 2 of this Order for the period and to the extent the Chief Commissioner of Income-tax/Director General of Income-tax may deem fit. However, no reduction or waiver of such interest shall be ordered unless the assessee has filed the return of income for the relevant assessment year and paid the entire income-tax (principal component of demand) due on the income as assessed. The Chief Commissioner of Income-tax or Director General of Income-tax may also impose any other conditions as deemed fit for the said reduction or waiver of interest.

2. The class of incomes or class of cases in which the reduction or waiver of interest under section 234A or section 234B or, as the case may be, section 234C can be considered, are as follows :

          (a)  Where during the course of proceedings for search and seizure under section 132 of the Income-tax Act, or otherwise, the books of account and other incriminating documents have been seized, and the assessee has been unable to furnish the return of income for the previous year, during which the action under section 132 has taken place, within the time specified in this behalf, and the Chief Commissioner/Director General is satisfied, having regard to the facts and circumstances of the case, that the delay in furnishing such return of income cannot reasonably be attributed to the assessee.

          (b)  Any income chargeable to income-tax under any head of income, other than Capital gains is received or accrued after due date of payment of the first or subsequent instalments of advance tax which was neither anticipated nor was in the contemplation of the assessee, and the advance tax on such income is paid in the remaining instalment or instalments, and the Chief Commissioner/Director General is satisfied on the facts and circumstances of the case that this is a fit case for reduction or waiver of the interest chargeable under section 234C of the Income-tax Act.

          (c)  Where any income was not chargeable to income-tax in the case of an assessee on the basis of any order passed by the High Court within whose jurisdiction he is assessable to income-tax, and as result, he did not pay income-tax in relation to such income in any previous year, and subsequently, in consequence of any retrospective amendment of law or the decision of the Supreme Court of India, or as the case may be, a decision of a Larger Bench of the jurisdictional High Court (which was not challenged before the Supreme Court and has become final), in any assessment or reassessment proceedings the advance tax paid by the assessee during such financial year is found to be less than the amount of advance tax payable on his current income, and the assessee is chargeable to interest under section 234B or section 234C, and the Chief Commissioner/Director General is satisfied that this is a fit case for reduction or waiver of such interest.

          (d)  Where a return of income could not be filed by the assessee due to unavoidable circumstances and such return of income is filed voluntarily by the assessee or his legal heirs without detection by the Assessing Officer.

3. The class of cases referred to in paragraphs 2(a) and 2(d) are specified only for the purposes of waiver of interest charged under section 234A of the Income-tax Act.

4. Earlier Orders under section 119(2)(a) dated 23.05.1996 and 30.01.1997 on the subject stand superseded by this Order. If any petition in the past has been rejected because the Board had not issued this direction earlier, such petition may be reconsidered and decided in accordance with this Order. If any petition in the past was allowed in accordance with the Orders under section 119(2)(a) dated 23.05.1996 and 30.01.1997, such Orders allowing waiver should not be reopened/revised as per the guidelines contained in this Order.

 

CBDT Circular No. 783, Dated 18.11.1999

Clarification regarding waiver of interest claimed on the basis of Press Note dated 21.05.1996

1. The Board by an order [vide F. No. 400/234/95-IT(B)], dated 23.05.1996, indicated the class of income or class of cases in which reduction or waiver of interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C would be considered by the Chief Commissioner of Income-tax and Director General of Income-tax. Prior to the issue of the order a Press Note was released on 21.05.1996 with a view to give wide publicity to the major step contemplated by the Board towards mitigating hardship in genuine cases.

2. However, the instances have come to the notice of the Board where certain claims have been made on the basis of para 2(v) of the Press Note seeking waiver of interest for non-payment of advance tax. Para 2(e) of order dated 23.05.1996 contains no such stipulation. It is hereby clarified the making any claim for waiver of interest based on the Press Note dated 21.05.1996 is not sustainable. A Press Note is basically intended to give a broad idea in advance to the public at large regarding a policy/step under formulation. To treat a Press Note as a final legal document and to make any claim on the basis of it as against the contents of the final document is not maintainable.

3. The Board hereby reiterates that all requests for waiver of interest are to be considered by the Chief Commissioner of Income-tax and the Director-General of Income-tax within the parameters laid down by Boards order dated 23.05.1996 read with the order dated 30.01.1997.

 

CBDT Order F. No. 400/234/95-IT(B), Dated 30.01.1997

Subject : Reduction or waiver of interest charged under section 234A/234B/234C - Modification in Order F. No. 400/234/95-IT(B), dated 23.05.1996

The Board has issued an order vide F. No. 400/234/95-IT(B), dated 23rd May, 1996, indicating the class of income or class of cases in which reduction or waiver of interest under section 234A, 234B or 234C as the case may be could be considered by Chief Commissioner of Income-tax and Director General of Income-tax. Clause d of para 2 of the said order read as under :

Where any income which was not chargeable to income-tax on the basis of any order passed in the case of an assessee by the High Court within whose jurisdiction he is assessable to income-tax, and as a result, he did not pay income-tax in relation to such income in any previous year and subsequently, in consequence of any retrospective amendment of law or as the case may be, the decision of the Supreme Court, in his own case, which event has taken place after the end of any such previous year, in any assessment or re-assessment proceedings the advance tax paid by the assessee during the financial year immediately preceding the relevant assessment year is found to be less than the amount of advance tax payable on his current income, the assessee is chargeable to interest under section 234B or section 234C and the Chief Commissioner or Director General is satisfied that this is a fit case for reduction or waiver of such interest.

2. In partial modification of this para of the Order, the Central Board of Direct Taxes has decided that there shall be no condition that the decision of the High Court or the Supreme Court, as referred to therein, must be given in the assessees own case. Also the condition that any retrospective amendment of law or the decision of the Supreme Court or the jurisdictional High Court must have been made after the end of the relevant year stands withdrawn.

3. If any petition in the past has been rejected because the Board had not issued this modification, the same may be reconsidered and decided in accordance with this modification read with the order dated 23rd May, 1996.

Press Note : Dated 21.05.1996

Prior to 1989, taxpayers who had failed to furnish the return of income within the specified time-limit or had paid inadequate or not paid advance tax within the stipulated time-limit were charged penal interest for such defaults and also subjected to penalty proceedings. The Direct Tax Laws (Amendment) Act, 1987 inserted new sections 234A, 234B and 234C in the Income-tax Act from assessment year 1989-90 to provide for penal interest at higher rates for the defaults in late furnishing of the return of income, defaults in payment of advance tax and for deferment of advance tax respectively and omitted separate penalty provisions for these defaults. The interest payable under these sections was mandatory and there was no provision for reduction or waiver of the penal interest, as was provided specifically in this behalf prior to 1989. As a result, several taxpayers faced unintended hardships in certain circumstances.

2. The Central Board of Direct Taxes, in exercise of powers, specified in section 119(2)(a) has decided to authorise Chief Commissioners and Directors-General (Investigation) to reduce or waive penal interest charged under the aforesaid sections in the following circumstances, namely:

           (i)  where, in the course of search and seizure operation, books of account have been taken over by the Department and were not available to the taxpayer to prepare his return of income;

          (ii)  where, in the course of search and seizure operation, cash had been seized which was not permitted to be adjusted against arrears of tax or payment of advance tax instalments falling due after the date of the search;

         (iii)  any income other than Capital gains which was received or accrued after the date of first or subsequent instalment of advance tax, which was neither anticipated nor contemplated by the taxpayers and on which advance tax was paid by the taxpayer after the receipt of such income;

         (iv)  where, as a result of any retrospective amendment of law or the decision of the Supreme Court after the end of the relevant previous year, certain receipts which were hitherto treated as exempt, become taxable. Since no advance tax would normally be paid in respect of such receipts during the relevant financial year, penal interest is levied for the default in payment of advance tax;

          (v)  where return of income is filed voluntarily without detection by the Income-tax Department and due to circumstances beyond control of the taxpayer such return of income was not filed within the stipulated time-limit or advance tax was not paid at the relevant time.

3. The Chief Commissioners and Directors-General are being authorised to reduce or waive penal interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C with reference to assessment year 1989-90 and any subsequent assessment year subject to certain specified conditions. This is a major step taken by the Central Board of Direct Taxes to mitigate the hardships in deserving cases.

CBDT Order : F. No. 400/234/95-IT(B), Dated 23.05.1996.

In exercise of the powers conferred under clause (a) of sub-section (2) of section 119 of the Income-tax Act, 1961, the Central Board of Direct Taxes hereby direct that the Chief Commissioner of Income-tax and Director-General of Income-tax may reduce or waive interest charged under section 234A or section 234B or section 234C of the Act in the classes of cases or classes of income specified in paragraph 2 of this order for the period and to the extent the Chief Commissioner of Income-tax/Director-General of Income-tax deem fit. However, no reduction or waiver of such interest shall be ordered unless the assessee has filed the return of income for the relevant assessment year and paid the entire tax due on the income as assessed except the amount of interest for which reduction or waiver has been requested for. The Chief Commissioner of Income-tax or the Director-General of Income-tax may also impose any other conditions deemed fit for the said reduction or waiver of interest.

2. The class of incomes or class of cases in which the reduction or waiver of interest under section 234A or section 234B or, as the case may be, section 234C can be considered, are as follows :

          (a)  Where during the course of proceedings for search and seizure under section 132 of the Income-tax Act, or otherwise, the books of account and other incriminating documents have been seized and for reasons beyond the control of the assessee, he has been unable to furnish the return of income for the previous year during which the action under section 132 has taken place, within the time specified in this behalf and the Chief Commissioner or, as the case may be, Director-General is satisfied having regard to the facts and circumstances of the case that the delay in furnishing such return of income cannot reasonably be attributed to the assessee.

          (b)  Where during the course of search and seizure operation under section 132 of the Income-tax Act, cash is seized which is not allowed to be utilised for payment of advance tax instalment or instalments as they fall due after the seizure of cash and the assessee has not paid fully or partly advance tax on the current income and the Chief Commissioner or the Director-General is satisfied that the assessee is unable to pay the advance tax.

          (c)  Where any income chargeable to income-tax under any head of income, other than Capital gains is received or accrues after the due date of payment of the first or subsequent instalments of advance tax which was neither anticipated nor was in the contemplation of the assessee and the advance tax on such income is paid in the remaining instalment or instalments and the Chief Commissioner or Director-General is satisfied on the facts and circumstances of the case that this is a fit case for reduction or waiver of interest chargeable under section 234C of the Income-tax Act.

          (d)  Where any income which was not chargeable to income-tax on the basis of any order passed in the case of an assessee by the High Court within whose jurisdiction he is assessable to income-tax, and as a result, he did not pay income-tax in relation to such income in any previous year and subsequently, in consequence of any retrospective amendment of law or, as the case may be, the decision of the Supreme Court in his own case, which event has taken place after the end of any such previous year, in any assessment or reassessment proceedings the advance tax paid by the assessee during the financial year immediately preceding the relevant assessment year is found to be less than the amount of advance tax payable on his current income, the assessee is chargeable to interest under section 234B or section 234C and the Chief Commissioner or Director-General is satisfied that this is a fit case for reduction or waiver of such interest.

          (e)  Where a return of income could not be filed by the assessee due to unavoidable circumstances and such return of income is filed voluntarily by the assessee or his legal heirs without detection by the Assessing Officer.

3. The Chief Commissioner of Income-tax/Director-General of Income-tax may order the waiver or reduction of interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C under this order with reference to the assessment year 1989-90 or any subsequent assessment year but shall not so reduce or waive penal interest in those cases where waiver or reduction of such interest has been rejected in the past on the merits of the case. If any petition in the past has been rejected because the Board had not issued this direction earlier, these may be reconsidered and decided in accordance with this order.

 

Notification : F. No. 212/495/92-IT(A-II)], Dated 02.05.1994.

In exercise of the powers conferred under clause (a) of sub-section (2) of section 119 of the Income-tax Act, 1961, the Central Board of Direct Taxes hereby direct that in cases where any income accrues or arises for any previous year due to the operation of any order of a Court, statutory authority or of the Government (other than an order of assessment, appeal, reference or revision passed under the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961) passed after the close of the said previous year (such income and the order hereinafter referred to as the relevant income and the relevant order respectively) interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C shall be reduced or waived by the Chief Commissioner of Income-tax/Director-General of Income-tax subject to the conditions, for the period and to the extent mentioned hereunder, namely :

           (i)  Conditions

      (a)  the relevant income is disclosed in a return of income furnished for the said previous year or is otherwise disclosed to the Assessing Officer; and

      (b)  the tax attributable to such income has been paid;

          (ii)  Period

      (a)  in respect of interest under section 234A from the date immediately following the due date for furnishing the return of income for the relevant assessment year till the end of the month in which the relevant order giving rise to the relevant income is passed;

      (b)  in respect of the interest under section 234B, from the first day of April of the relevant assessment year till the end of the month in which the relevant order giving rise to the relevant income is passed;

      (c)  in respect of interest under section 234C, for the period mentioned in that section;

         (iii)  Extent of interest to be reduced or waived

The quantum of interest to be reduced or waived shall be the difference between :

          (a)  the interest computed for the period mentioned at (ii) above with reference to the tax on the total income inclusive of the relevant income; and

          (b)  the interest computed for the same period with reference to the tax on the total income as reduced by the relevant income.

2. Waiver or reduction under this order shall be allowed with reference to the relevant orders passed on or after the 1st day of April, 1989.

 

Maintainability of pending application for waiver of interest under sections 234B and 234C is to be decided as per Notification in force as on date of filing of application

Assessee-foreign company received payments for execution of a project in India. Assessee filed return for relevant assessment year and paid self assessment tax. Assessing Officer levied interest by invoking sections 234B and 234C for non-payment of advance tax and deferred advance tax. Subsequently, assessee filed application for waiver of interest which was rejected by Commissioner - Single Judge relied on Notification F. No. 400/234/95-IT(B), dated 23.05.1996 and granted relief to assessee. Revenue contended that said notification was superseded by Notification F. No. 400/129/2002-IT(B), dated 26.06.2006 and relief could not be granted to assessee. Notification dated 26-6-2006 whereby reason of 'unavoidable circumstances' was excluded from applicability, when waiver was sought undersections 234B and 234C was not clarificatory as it introduced a new condition taking away a vested right under earlier notification and thus, it could be applied only to cases where an application was filed after 26.06.2006. Assessee had right to apply for waiver as per notification dated 23.05.1996 by invoking clause 2 (e) which empowered an assessee to apply for waiver and since application was filed in 2003 and assessee was found eligible to apply for waiver on date of application, application could not be thrown out as not maintainable because of a subsequent notification, [In favour of assessee] (Related Assessment year : 2000-01) – [Chief Commissioner of Income-tax v. Van Oord ACZ Marine Contractors BV (2022) 141 taxmann.com 30 (Mad.)]

 

Pursuant to survey conducted upon assessee, it admitted an undisclosed income, however, no advance tax was paid on said admitted income, assessee could not claim waiver of interest under sections 234B and 234C

A survey undersection 133A was conducted upon assessee company during which assessee had admitted certain amount as unaccounted. Assessment was concluded undersection 143(3) levying interestundersections234A, 234B and 234C. Assessee contended that books and documents were impounded during survey and same were not available to assessee despite several requests which caused delay in filing return of income and, further, return of income was filed voluntarily by assessee without any detection by Assessing Officer, thus, impugned interest levied upon assessee was to be deleted. It was noted that indeed, on detection made at time of survey, assessee had admitted tax liability and filed return of income. However, no advance tax was paid on admitted income. In these circumstances, utmost, delay caused in filing return if to be attributed to impounding of documents during survey proceedings, interest under section 234A for default committed in filing return of income would be waived of, but not interest leviable under sections 234B and 234C for default in payment of advance tax and for deferment of advance tax. [Partly in favour of assessee] (Related Assessment years : 2009-10 and 2010-11) – [Shankarlal Jain v. Chief Commissioner of Income Tax, Bengaluru (2020) 273 Taxman 477 : 116 taxmann.com 607 (Karn.)]

 

Assessee was under a legal and financial disability for a long period due to subsistence of winding up order, no interest would be payable under sections 234A, 234B and 234C for aforesaid period

Assessee-company became financially too weak to defend itself even during proceedings of winding up. In reassessment order, tax liability was determined and interest under sections 234A and 234B was levied on assessee. In meantime, assessee-company was sought to be wound up by its creditors, and on 18.06.2001 order of winding up was passed by High Court. Subsequently, another order was passed on 27.10.2006 for reconstruction and revival of assessee’s operations; thus, assessee-company was under a legal disability during period between 18.06.2001 and 27.10.2006. Assessee, during aforesaid period, was under control of Court and official liquidator. Interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C was to be waived for period between 18.06.2001 and 27.10.2006 i.e., during subsistence of winding up order. [Partly in favour of assessee] (Related Assessment year : 1995-96 to 1997-98) – [Tvl. Sanmac Motor Finance Ltd. v. Chief Commissioner of Income Tax, Chennai (2020) 271 Taxman 51 : 116 taxmann.com 437 (Mad.)]

Settlement Commission in exercise of its power undersection 245D(4) and (6) does not have power to reduce or waive interest statutorily payable under sections 234A, 234B and 234C

On application, Settlement Commission passed an order making addition and waiving interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C. Thereafter, on rectification application, Settlement Commission rectified its order of waiving interest. High Court set aside rectified order of Settlement Commission.  Thereafter, on revenue’s questioning its legality, High Court modified order passed by Settlement Commission. Said issue had been considered by two Constitution benches of Supreme Court and it was held that Settlement Commission in exercise of its power under section 245D(4) and (6) does not have power to reduce or waive interest statutorily payable under sections 234A, 234B and 234C. Since these two decisions were rendered after Settlement Commission passed orders, impugned orders of Settlement Commission be set aside and case be remanded to Settlement Commission to decide issue afresh. Further High Court committed jurisdictional error since rectified order of Settlement Commission was already held bad in law on ground that it was passed under section 154, and thus, same was neither in existence for any purpose and nor it could be relied upon by High Court much less for making it a part of their order. [Matter remanded][Kakadia Builders (P) Ltd. v. ITO (2019) 412 ITR 128 : 262 Taxman 268 : 103 taxmann.com 53 (SC)]

There was bona fide dispute which directly related to assessability of assessee to tax and due to same assessee did not file its return, assessee was entitled to waiver of interest under section 234A

The assessee approached the Chief Commissioner under Section 119(2)(a) for waiver of interest. The assessee in his application for waiver stated that he was under the bonafied belief that he had no taxable income and therefore not required to file a return. The Chief Commissioner had rejected the petition for waiver on the grounds that the assessee failed to voluntarily file its return but the return were filed consequent upon a survey conducted under Section 133A and issuance of notice under section 148 and tax on the assessed income was not paid which was a pre-condition for waiver of interest. On writ the Court held that the property continued to be in the name of the HUF i.e. it remained undivided and there were serious civil disputes between the family members. Thus, when the property continues to remain undivided, the assessee cannot anticipate the accrual/receipt of such income hence the assesse was right in the belief that he had no taxable income. The High Court also held that the return was filed well before the issuance of notice under section 148 and merely because there was a survey counducted in premises can not be stated that the ROI was not voluntatily filed by the assesse. Hence the assesse would be entitle to waiver of interest levied under section 234A. the High Court also observed that the circular (Circular No. 400/234/95 dated 30.01.1997) issued by the Board empowering the Chief Commissioner to consider the waiver petition for waiver of interest under Section 234A as well as Section 234B would show that even in cases covered by section 234B and even though these provisions are compensatory in nature, special orders for grant of relaxation could be passed. It was further held that the dispute with regard to the division of property was a bona fide dispute which directly relates to the assessability of the petitioner to tax. Therefore, if the petitioner is entitled for waiver of interest under Section 234A for the reasons set out above, the question of payment of advance tax nor a portion thereof will not arise and therefore, the petitioner is entitled for waiver of interest under Section 234B and 234C as well. [In favour of assessee] (Related Assessment years : 1997-98 and 1998-99) – [R. Mani v. Chief Commissioner of Income-tax, Tiruchirappalli (2018) 406 ITR 450 : 302 CTR 250 : 253 Taxman 3 : 164 DTR 114 (Mad.)]

Assessee had made disclosures only after detection pursuant to search, thus, disclosure was not a voluntary disclosure before department, assessee could not claim waiver of interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C by invoking Circular No. 400/29/2002

During the course of search undersection 132, the assessee had given a statement on oath undersection 132(4). The sworn statement was recorded and subsequently, the Assessing Officer issued notice undersection 148. The assessee did nothing thereafter, but after several notices were issued, the assessee filed return and subjected for assessment. The assessee filed an application for waiver of interest levied upon it under sections 234A, 234B and 234C. The Chief Commissioner rejected the application of the assessee. On writ:

The assessee had given a statement on oath undersection 132(4) during the course of search undersection 132. Disclosure was made only after detection pursuant to the search. Therefore, it is clear that the petitioner’s disclosure is not a voluntary disclosure before the department. The sworn statement was recorded and subsequently, the Assessing Officer issued notice undersection 148. The assessee did nothing thereafter, but it appears that after several notices were issued, the assessee filed return and subjected for assessment. In the background of the conduct of the assessee it has to be seen as to whether the assessee is entitled to the waiver of the statutory interest payable undersections 234A, 234B and 234C.

The Division Bench in the case of Chief CIT v. Rajanikant & Sons (2017) 396 ITR 171 : 249 Taxman 122 : 83 taxmann.com 162 (Mad.) while, considering the scope and ambit of Circular dated 26-6-2006 took note of the circumstances under which the Chief Commissioner and/or the Director General of Income Tax would have power to reduce or waive interest.

The discretion conferred upon the respondent is clearly circumscribed and set out in paragraphs 2(a) to 2(d) of the circular dated 26.06.2006. The right to claim waiver of the interest is not a statutory right given to the assessee but based on the circular and therefore, strict interpretation of the circular has to be done.

Facts of the case clearly reveals that the assessee did not fall under any of the clauses 2(a) and 2(d) of the circular, dated 26.06.2006. Therefore, the respondent was fully justified in not exercising his discretion and waiving the interest levied. Thus, there is no error in the impugned order. Accordingly, the writ petition fails and dismissed. - [In favour of revenue] (Related Assessment years : 1989-90 and 1990-91) - [A. Kuberan v. Chief Commissioner of Income-tax, Chennai (2018) 254 Taxman 189 : 89 taxmann.com 179 (Mad.)]

Commissioner rejected assessee’s application for waiver of interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C holding that in view of assessee’s failure to deduct TDS while making contractual payments, disallowance of said payments and levy of interest was automatic in terms of Instruction F No. 400/129/2002-IT (B), dated 26.06.2006, order so passed did not require any interference

During relevant year assessee made contractual payments to workers without deducting tax at source.  Assessing Officer thus disallowed said payments undersection 40(a)(ia). He also charged interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C on account of such disallowance. Assessee filed an application before Chief Commissioner seeking waiver of interest - Chief Commissioner held that he had no discretion under CBDT Instructions dated 26.06.2006 inasmuch as assessee during contemporary period itself very well knew that non-deduction/remittance would be disallowable for want of deduction of tax at source undersection 40(a)(ia). He thus rejected assessee’s application holding that levy of interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C was automatic and same could not be waived. Since impugned order passed by Chief Commissioner was in accordance with CBDT Instructions dated 26.06.2006, same did not require any interference. [In favour of revenue] (Related Assessment year : 2005-06) -  [Gaonkar Mines v. Additional Commissioner of Income-tax, Udupi (2018) 252 Taxman 158 : (2017) 88 taxmann.com 92 (Karn.)]

 

Once assessee had paid reassessed tax along with interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C after reassessment order was passed, assessee could not claim waiver of such interest invoking Circular No. 400/29/2002, dated 26.06.2006

Assessee was under impression that sales to an Santacruz Electronics Export Processing Zone (SEEPZ) unit was ‘deemed export’ and claimed deduction undersection 80HHC. In reassessment, said claim was denied, thus raising tax liability. Pursuant to reassessment, assessee paid reassessment tax along with interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C as demanded. Later on assessee filed petition for waiver of interest paid under sections 234A, 234B and 234C on basis of CBDT Circular No. 400/29/2002 dated, 26.06.2006. Said circular makes it clear that no reduction or waiver of such interest shall be ordered unless assessee has filed a return of income and has paid entire income tax. Since in instant case, reassessed tax was paid only after revenue had passed reassessment order, assessee could not be allowed waiver of interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C. [In favour of revenue] (Related Assessment years : 1997-98 to 2000-01 and 2003-04) – [Chief Commissioner of Income-tax, Chennai v. Rajanikant & Sons (2017) 396 ITR 171 : 298 CTR 479 : 249 Taxman 122 : 83 taxmann.com 162 (Mad.)]

 

Assessee-company, belonging to jurisdiction of Karnataka, under bona fide belief that order of Kerala High Court in CIT v. A.V. Thomas & Co. Ltd. (1997) 225 ITR 29 : 93 Taxman 695, insofar as it related to extending the benefit of deduction undersection 80HHC, was available to it and, thus during relevant year did not pay the advance tax, since assessee belonged to Karnataka and not to Kerala, benefit of Order F. No. 400/234/95-IT(B), dated 30.01.1997 regarding waiver of interest was not available to assessee

The assessee-company, under the bona fide belief that the judgment of the Single Judge in CIT v. A.V. Thomas & Co. Ltd. (1997) 225 ITR 29 : 93 Taxman 695 (Ker.), insofar as it related to extending the benefit of deduction undersection 80HHC, was available to it during the previous year 2000-2001 did not pay the advance tax during the three quarters ending December, 2000 and thereafter wards. Subsequently, the Apex Court in IPCA Laboratory Ltd. v. DCIT (2004) 266 ITR 521 : 135 Taxman 594 (SC) declared the law over applicability of section 80HHC, following which the court by order allowed the appeal of the Revenue disentitling the assessee to the deduction. The Assessing Officer passed an order levying interestundersection 234B for the delay in making payment, which led the assessee to file an application for waiver of interest invoking Order F. No. 400/234/95-IT(B), dated 30.01.1997 as modified by Order F. No. 400/129/2002-IT(B), dated 26.06.2006 undersection 119(2)(a), for short ‘Order’. The waiver application was rejected by the revenue. The assessee filed a writ petition raising question as to whether the petitioner, an assessee in the State of Karnataka, is entitled to maintain a claim for reduction of waiver of interest under section 234B pursuant to paragraph 2(c) of the ‘Order’, on the premise that its income for the assessment year 2001-02, was not chargeable to Income-tax undersection 80HHC, in the light of the order in A.V. Thomas & Co. Ltd. (supra) of High Court of Kerala. The Single Judge decided the issue in favour of the assessee by observing that to avail benefit under said circular decision of High Court or Supreme Court need not be in case of assessee but could be in case of any other case.

Held that as is clear from the clause 2(c) of the Board's Order F. No. 400/234/95, dated 30.01.1997, if any order is passed by the High Court within whose jurisdiction the assessee is not assessable to income-tax, then the benefit of the circular is not available to the assessee. The said circular is carefully worded making it clear that it is only when a judgment of the High Court within whose jurisdiction the assessee is assessable is not liable to pay tax or if the Supreme Court of India declares the laws, it is the law for the whole country and then only the assessee would be entitled to have such benefit. Therefore, the Single Judge was not justified in extending the benefit of the said circular when it was not applicable to the case of assessee. [In favour of revenue] (Related Assessment year : 2001-02) - [Chief Commissioner of Income-tax, Bangalore v. UB Global Corporation Ltd. (2017) 378 ITR 461 : 79 taxmann.com 329 (Karn.)]

Refuses Section 234C waiver plea; Income stands accrued on passing of favourable Supreme Court order

Canbank Financial Services Ltd. is a wholly owned subsidiary of Canara Bank. For the relevant Assessment year 2014-15, it was observed that Supreme Court vide order dated July 15, 2013 dismissed HSBC’s appeal (who owed money to assessee) against Bombay High Court order directing HSBC to pay assessee a certain amount. Supreme Court thus directed HSBC to pay an amount of Rs. 102 Cr. to assessee. The resultant profit-amount became taxable to assessee under section 115JB. The amount was ultimately received by assessee on October 3, 2013 subsequent to the due date for advance tax payments for 1st and 2nd quarter to assessee. Hence in view of the above assessee did not pay advance tax on the same for 1st two quarters. However, interest under section 234C was charged due to non-payment of advance tax on the aforesaid amount. Aggrieved, assessee filed petition under section 119(2)(a) seeking waiver of interest under section 234C before CCIT (Chief Commissioner of Income Tax). CCIT contended that amount received by assessee was deemed to have been accrued/anticipated when Supreme Court passed order on July 15, 2013 dismissing HSBC’s appeal. CCIT also contended that assessee received that amount well before the review petition was dismissed by Supreme Court. CCIT thus held that, assessee was liable for advance-tax payment due on quarter ending September 15, 2013. Thus, CCIT denied interest waiver for aforesaid amount. However since liability of advance-tax payment does not arise in June 15, 2013, CCIT granted partial interest waiver for the same. Aggrieved, assessee filed a writ petition before Karnataka High Court.

Before High Court, assessee contended that, review petition filed by HSBC before SC against order dated July 15, 2013 was pending. In view of the above, assessee contended that accrued income for paying advance tax on September 15, 2013 (2nd Quarter) could not be anticipated. This assessee held that CCIT ought to have granted waiver with respect to interest under section 234C for last quarter.

High Court noted the CBDT circular of June 2006 read with Section 234C as quoted by CCIT. High Court held that interest waiver can be granted only with respect to income which was neither anticipated nor was in the contemplation of the assessee and the advance tax on the remaining income was duly paid by the assessee. High Court held that when Supreme Court passed order favourable to assessee on July 15, 2013 directing HSBC to release the amount to assessee, it became assessable to tax under section 115JB. High Court rejected assessee’s contention that it could not anticipate the accrual of income under section 115JB. High Court held that assessee should have paid advance tax on the accrued income for quarter ending September 15, 2013. High Court thus held that, since the aforesaid tax was not paid Section 234C stood attracted.

High Court noted that CCIT had already granted 100% waiver for non-payment of tax for quarter ending June 15, 2013 deserved by assessee. Further High Court held that, just because merely review petition was filed by HSBC which was subsequently dismissed, assessee should not have prayed for waiver of interest under section 234C. Thus, by holding CCIT’s order as perfectly just and legal, High Court dismissed assessee’s writ petition. [In favour of revenue] (Related Assessment year : 2014-15) – [Canbank Financial Services Ltd. v. CCIT [TS-427-HC-2017(KAR)] - Date of Judgement :  21.08.2017 (Karn.)]

Official Assignee need not go before Central Board of Direct Taxes praying for waiver of interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C as Insolvency Court itself can consider question of waiver of interest in terms of power conferred undersection 7 of Presidency Towns Insolvency Act, 1909

A lady by name 'T', who was a partner in a firm that owned a cinema theatre, was adjudged as an insolvent and her share in the partnership firm and in the properties were brought to sale by the Official Assignee. Out of the sale proceeds, the Official Assignee set apart one portion representing capital gains tax. Thereafter, the Official Assignee came up with three applications before the Insolvency Court. The prayer in said application was to direct the Commissioner (TDS) to waive the interest that may be payable for the relevant assessment years under sections 234A, 234B and 234C. The Judge, sitting in Insolvency Court, directed the Assessing Authority to pass an order of assessment on merits before the cut off date. The Judge also gave liberty to the Official Assignee to file appropriate applications for waiver of interest before the Appropriate Authority.

The assessee thus filed instant appeal contending that the Insolvency Court itself had the power and jurisdiction to grant waiver and that there was no necessity for the Official Assignee to approach any other authority under the Act for grant of waiver.

It appears from the express language of section 7 that the Insolvency Court has full power to decide (i) all questions of priorities and (ii) all other questions whatsoever. The questions that could be decided by the Insolvency Court could be of law or of fact. These questions may arise in the case of insolvency coming within the cognizance of the Court. Alternatively, these questions may be considered by the Court itself to be expedient or necessary to be decided for the purpose of doing complete justice or making a complete distribution of property.

Section 178, whose provisions are given overriding effect upon the provisions of any other law for the time being in force by virtue of sub-section (6), deals with the liability of the Liquidator to set apart amounts that are payable to the department. Sub-section (4) of section 178 makes a Liquidator personally liable, if he failed to set apart an amount, which may become due and payable by a company-in-liquidation to the department.

While there is no impediment for a statutory authority like an Assessing Officer to perform the statutory duty imposed upon him, the question of distribution of the sale proceeds of the assets of the company-in-liquidation or the assets of the insolvent, is vested only upon the Official Liquidator or the Official Assignee, as the case may be. The Official Liquidator functions within the control of the Company Court and the Official Assignee functions and discharges his duties within the control of the Insolvency Court.

Unfortunately for the Department, section 178 deals only with the obligation on the part of the Official Liquidator to set apart a liability. The question as to whether interest in certain circumstances can be waived or not, is not a matter covered by section 178, to enable the department to take advantage of the overriding effect conferred under sub-section (6).

Even if it is assumed for a minute that the Official Assignee makes an application for waiver of interest before the Central Board of Direct Taxes, in case where the Central Board of Direct Taxes rejects said application for waiver, the Official Assignee will have to necessarily come up only before the Insolvency Court undersection 85. Even if he does not come up, the amount payable to the department, whether it is the principal amount of tax or whether it is interest or whether it is penalty, will have to be decided only by the Official Assignee subject to the control of the Insolvency Court depending upon the amount available in his coffers. Since the amount payable to the department is a crown debt, which ranks pari pasu with other debts, that will also get a rateable distribution.

Therefore, if the ultimate payment to the department actually depends upon the extent of funds available in the coffers of the Official Liquidator or the Official Assignee, it is unthinkable that the Official Assignee should be driven to the necessity of approaching the Authority for the waiver of the interest and to allow him to come up before the Insolvency Court in case he suffers an order. Hence, it is held that the question of waiver could also be considered by the Insolvency Court itself. In case where surplus funds are available, the Company Court distributes such surplus funds to the promoters. Similarly, the Insolvency Court distributes surplus funds to the insolvent or his or her legal heirs. But at that time, the Company Court can as well say that these surplus funds should be paid only towards discharge of the liability on account of interest and/or penalty.

With that leverage in mind, it is opined that this question of waiver can be decided by the Insolvency Court itself without driving the Official Assignee to go before the Central Board of Direct Taxes depending upon the amounts of funds available with the Official Assignee. As a matter of fact, in the case on hand, the insolvent herself took out an application before the Insolvency Court for a direction to the Official Assignee to set apart capital gains tax. By an order, the Official Assignee was directed to set apart 20 per cent of the sale proceeds. Hence, section 178(4) has been complied with by the Official Assignee and that is the end of section 178 and nothing more.

In view of the above, the appeal is allowed, the order of the Judge is modified to the effect that the Official Assignee need not go before the Central Board of Direct Taxes praying for waiver of interestundersections234A, 234B and 234C as Insolvency Court itself can consider the question of waiver of interest in terms of the power conferred undersection 7 of Presidency Towns Insolvency Act, 1909 and in the light of the provisions of the Act, together with the quantum of funds available and the distribution already made. [In favour of assessee] (Related Assessment years : 2008-09 to 2014-15) – [Official Assignee v. T.R. Bhuvaneswari (2016) 385 ITR 105 : 240 Taxman 266 : 70 taxmann.com 182 (Mad.)]

 

Upholds rejection of Section 234A/B/C interest waiver application; Pending quantum appeal irrelevant

Bombay High Court dismisses asssessee's writ challenging Chief Commissioner’s order under section 119(2) rejecting assessee’s application for waiver of interest under section 234A/B/C for non-payment of advance tax on capital gains arising during Assessment year 1996-97; High Court notes that assessee omitted to pay advance tax in anticipation of obtaining exemption under section 54F, however coordinate bench while adjudicating on quantum proceedings restricted assessee's exemption claim under section 54F proportionately to the amount invested in the new property; Assessee contended that waiver of interest was justified as its case clearly fell within the discretionary powers of clause 2(d) of CBDT order (dated May 23rd 1996) using the term ‘as the case may be’ and as assessee’s appeal was pending before High Court and was awaiting adjudication , assessee should have been spared from interest liability; High Court clarifies that The order dated  23.05.1996  of the CBDT  grants relief of waiver and / or reduction of interest on the ground that the non payment of tax was on the basis of the decision of the jurisdictional High Court which was subsequently nullified by either  retrospective amendment of the law or by a Supreme Court decision.”, holds assessee’s case not covered by the same; As assessee was unable to establish that non-payment of tax was due to unavoidable situations, High Court approves rejection of interest waiver application, distinguishes assessee’s reliance on Gujarat High Court ruling in Smt. Bhanuben Panchal v. Chandrikaben Panchal v. Chief Commissioner of Income Tax (2004) 269 ITR 27 (Guj.), Kerala High Court ruling in CIT v. Jimichan M. Varicatt (2011) 330 ITR 338 (Ker.). (Related Assessment year : 1996-97) – [Humayun Suleman Merchant v. Chief Commissioner of Income Tax, Mumbai [TS-624-HC-2016(BOM)] – Date of Judgement : 25.10.2016 (Bom.)]

Income-tax authorities are authorised to waive off interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C only for such classes of income and cases for which general or special orders have been issued by CBDT

Assessee filed petition seeking waiver of interest under section 234C on basis of Notification dated 26.06.2006 issued by CBDT undersection 119(2)(a). Income-tax authorities are authorised to waive off interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C only for such classes of income and cases for which general or special orders have been issued by CBDT. Since assessee’s case was not falling under such notified classes, he would not be entitled to waiver of interest under section 234C. [In favour of revenue] (Related Assessment year : 1990-91) - [Fertilizers & Chemicals Travancore Ltd. v. DCIT, (Assessment) Special Range, Ernakulam (2015) 377 ITR 591 : 233 Taxman 29 : 57 taxmann.com 264 (Ker.)]

Conditions specified in Notification F. No. 400/29/2002-IT, dated 26.06.2006 are not fulfilled by assessee, waiver of interest levied under sections 234A and 234B cannot be granted

Assessee sought waiver of interest levied under sections 234A and 234B. Interest under section 234A and section 234B could be waived by Commissioner, only if the conditions specified in the Notification F. No. 400/29/2002-IT(B) dated 26.06.2006 are satisfied. Since conditions specified in notification were not available, assessee could not seek waiver of interest. [In favour of revenue] - [K.C. Mohanan v. Chief Commissioner of Income-tax (2013) 350 ITR 461 : 258 CTR 103 : 214 Taxman 127 : 30 taxmann.com 376 (Ker.)]

Power of Board exercisable under section 119(2)(a) is an enabling provision empowering Board to pass orders in favour of assessee for waiver of interest levied, 234B and 234C, and where in assessee’s case said power was delegated to Chief Commissioner, question of remanding matter yet again directing Board to reconsider it, did not arise

In earlier writ proceedings, Court directed that in case assessee had any grievance in respect of order that had been passed earlier by Chief Commissioner on an application filed by assessee seeking for waiver of interest under provisions of sections 234A and 234B, it was open for him to approach Board. Thereupon, assessee had approached Board which issued endorsement directing him to approach Chief Commissioner. Assessee questioned said order before Court in writ petition contending that when Court had directed Board to consider matter, it ought to have been considered by Board itself. Single Judge opined that power of Board exercisable under section 119(2)(a) is an enabling provision empowering Board to pass orders in favour of assessee for waiver of interest levied under sections 234A, 234B and 234C, and that power having already been delegated to CCIT/DGIT, question of remanding matter yet again directing Board to reconsider matter, did not arise. Accordingly, Single Judge dismissed assessee’s writ petition. On facts, Chief Commissioner was to be directed to consider assessee’s claim for waiver of interest levied undersection 234B on merits and dispose it off by giving reasons. [Matter remanded] – [B. Gajendra Kumar v. ITO (2013) 219 Taxman 16 : 36 taxmann.com 51 (Karn.)]

Returns for assessment years 1996-97 to 2000-01 were filed only after notices were issued undersection 148, said returns had rightly been held by respondent-authority as not being voluntary in nature and in such a case no fault could be found with order of respondent authority rejecting assessee’s prayer for waiver of interest

In 1990-91, the Gujarat Narmada Nigam Authority initiated proceedings for compulsory acquisition of the agricultural land of the petitioner and co-owners for the purpose of construction of the Narmada canal. The petitioner was chosen to represent the interest of himself and other co-owners of the land. After litigation, the petitioner and other co-owners became entitled to compensation along with interest in the land acquisition proceedings. The total amount of interest was computed at a figure of Rs. 20,01,716. It was the case of the petitioner that the said interest was relatable to a period of 102 months. As per the tax deduction certificate which was in the name of the petitioner, the petitioner filed a return of income for the assessment year 2001-02 showing proportionate income for 12 months worked out at a sum of Rs. 2,35,000. After working out the tax payable at Rs. 44,650, net refundable amount was claimed at Rs. 1,75,539 based on the TDS certificate, wherein tax deducted at source was shown to be Rs. 2,20,189. The petitioner was duly assessed by accepting the said return of income but the Assessing Officer thereafter issued notice undersection 148 calling upon the petitioner to file returns of income for earlier assessment years, which had admittedly not been filed. The petitioner thereafter filed returns for the said assessment years and the assessments were completed. Ultimately, the petitioner filed a petition for the assessment years 1996-97 to 2000-01 for waiver of interest charged under sections 234A and 234B. In the said petition, the petitioner had categorically taken a stand that interest should be waived/charged only in relation to the share of the petitioner as he was only one of the co-owners of the land, which was acquired. The respondent rejected the application, holding that as the returns were not voluntarily filed but in response to the notice undersection 148, the conditions for the waiver of interest were not satisfied.

Held that as the returns for the assessment years 1996-97 to 2000-01 were filed only after notices were issued undersection 148, the said returns had rightly been held by the respondent-authority as not being voluntary in nature. Therefore rejection of the prayer for waiver of interest was justified. However, the matter was to be remanded to the Assessing Officer who shall determine as to whether the interest received along with the compensation for the lands acquired was liable to be apportioned amongst various co-owners or whether the same was liable to be taxed in the hands of the petitioner alone. In the event the Assessing Officer came to the conclusion that the petitioner was entitled to such apportionment, then only for the purpose of computing the liability to pay interest under sections 234A and 234B shall such an exercise be taken by the Assessing Officer. [Remanded] (Related Assessment years : 1996-97 to 2001-02) – [Sendhaji Amraji Thakore v. Chief Commissioner of Income-tax (2009) 315 ITR 233 (Guj.)]

Assessee had filed revised return for relevant assessment years, disclosing compensation along with interest income received by him - Assessing authority levied interest on said income under sections 234A, 234B and 234C - Assessee filed an application for waiver of penalty and interest - Chief Commissioner rejected same on ground that application did not satisfy conditions laid down in CBDT’s notification for waiver inasmuch as assessee was not suffering from any financial hardship in paying amount of interest and was of view that assessee should have disclosed entire interest income on receipt basis and paid tax - Order passed by Chief Commissioner could not be sustained and was to be set aside

The assessee had received compensation along with interest on account of acquisition of his land by the State Government under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894. Accordingly, the assessee filed his revised return for the relevant assessment years disclosing the interest income. The assessing authority levied interest on the said income under sections 234A, 234B and 234C. The assessee filed an application under section 119 read with section 273 for waiver of penalty and interest. The Chief Commissioner rejected the application on the ground that application did not satisfy any condition laid down in CBDT’s Notification No. F. No. 400/234/95-IT(B), dated 23-05-1996 for waiver inasmuch as assessee was not suffering from any financial hardship in paying amount of interest and was also of view that assessee should have disclosed entire interest income on receipt basis and paid tax. On writ :

The Chief Commissioner has been empowered by the Central Board of Direct Taxes under clause (a) of section 119(2) to reduce or waive interest charged under sections 234(A), 234(B) or 234(C) vide Notification No. F. No. 400/234/95-IT (B) dated 23.05.1996. In the aforesaid Notification, under clause (b), the condition is that where a return of income could not be filed by the assessee due to unavoidable circumstances and such return of income is filed voluntarily by the assessee or his legal heirs without detection by the Assessing Officer, the interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C can be waived or reduced. In the instant case, the Chief Commissioner had proceeded on the assumption that the interest income ought to have been declared on receipt basis and as the petitioner had not disclosed the full amount of interest income and had only disclosed a part of the said income by filing the return for the assessment years 1995-96 to 2001-02 when it could have filed the return for the earlier assessment years also, was wholly misconceived. It is well-settled that the amount of interest paid on the enhanced amount of compensation accrues every year and is taxable in the year in which it has accrued.

The petitioner had filed the petition for waiver of interest and penalty for the assessment years 1995-96 to 2001-02 and, therefore, the Chief Commissioner ought to have confined the consideration as to whether the conditions mentioned in the Notification dated 23-05-1996 had been fulfilled or not. No adverse inference should have been drawn from the fact that the return of the income for the earlier assessment years had not been filed.

The petitioner had filed the revised return of income for the assessment years 1995-96 to 2001-02 voluntarily and had also paid the taxes due thereon. He was claiming waiver of interest and penalty for those assessment years only. The Chief Commissioner had taken into consideration irrelevant materials regarding non-disclosure of the entire interest income even though according to settled principles by the Apex Court, it could not be subjected to tax in the assessment years in question. Moreover, the question of financial hardship and difficulty in paying the amount of interest under sections 234A, 234B and 234C and the amount of penalty, which had been taken as one of the grounds for rejecting the waiver application was misconceived as it did not find mention in CBDT’s notification empowering the Chief Commissioner to exercise such a power. He had to confine himself within the four corners of the conditions specified therein and could not travel beyond it.

Therefore, the order passed by the Chief Commissioner could not be sustained and was to be set aside. The Chief Commissioner was directed to decided the matter afresh in accordance with law after giving an opportunity of being heard to the petitioner. In the result, the petition succeeded and was allowed. (Matter remanded back) (Related Assessment years : 1995-96 to 2001-02) – [Ashwani Dhingra v. Chief Commissioner of Income-tax (2005) 275 ITR 72 : 194 CTR 233 : 142 Taxman 241 (All.)]

 

Sections 234A, 234B and 234C of the Income-tax Act, 1961 are not violative of article 14 of the Constitution of India

Provisions contained in sections 234A, 234B and 234C are not penal provisions but the said provisions are compensatory in nature for breach of civil obligation. To obviate the arbitrariness and eliminate the objective decisions of the tax authority, sections 234A, 234B and 234C have been introduced. As a matter of fact, by the said provisions uniform treatment to similarly situated persons is sought to be achieved and, therefore, there is no question of the said provisions being violative of article 14, nor the said provisions are unreasonable. The said provisions did not infringe the petitioner's fundamental right under article 19(1)(g). The petitioner could not show how the said provisions restricted his right to carry on business. Besides, in cases of extreme hardship, the Board can exercise power. – [Related Assessment years :  1993-94 to 1996-97) - Umesh S. Bangara v. Union of India (2004) 268 ITR 405 : 189 CTR 319 : 137 Taxman 231 (Bom.)]

 

Assessee deposited tax as per law existing on 06.11.1989 and claimed cash assistance received against export as capital receipt - Law was amended with retrospective effect by the Finance Act, 1990 and as such receipts became taxable - Accordingly, income was enhanced and interest under sections 234B and 234C was charged - There was a bona fide intention on part of assessee and, accordingly, it could not pay advance tax on cash compensatory support amount

The assessee deposited tax on income arrived at as per law existing on 06.11.1989 and claimed cash assistance received against the export as capital receipt. Subsequently, the law was amended with retrospective effect by the Finance Act, 1990 and as such receipts became taxable. Accordingly, the income was enhanced by the Assessing Officer and interest under sections 234B and 234C was charged rejecting explanation of the assessee that there was a bona fide intention that it was not liable to pay tax on account of cash compensatory support. On appeal, the Commissioner (Appeals) upheld the order passed by the Assessing Officer. On second appeal :

HELD : The amendment came in the year 1990 and the estimate was filed much earlier, i.e., on 06.11.1989. Therefore, it could not be said that there was any mala fide intention on the part of the assessee.

In view of the instructions issued by the CBDT in Order No. F. 400/234/95-IT(B), dated 21.05.1996 it is amply clear that intention of the tax authorities is such that the interest should not be levied where any amendment came with retrospective effect.

In the instant case also, the amendment came in the year 1990 with retrospective effect. Therefore, there was a bona fide intention on the part of the assessee and accordingly it could not pay advance tax on cash compensatory amount. Further, the Assessing Officer also did not charge any interest under sections 234B and 234C while processing return under section 143(1)(a). It clearly showed that the Assessing Officer was of the view that no advance tax was payable on account of cash compensatory amount as by that date amendment had not come as the amendment came by Finance Act, 1990. Hence, on facts and circumstances of the case no interest under section 234B or 234C should be charged on account of failure to pay advance tax on the amount of cash compensatory support. (Related Assessment year : 1989-90) – [Priyanka Overseas Ltd. v. DCIT (2001) 79 ITD 353 : (2002) 75 TTJ 783 (ITAT Delhi)

 

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